One cannot imagine any customer electronics without transistors and capacitors over the last 70 years. The first patents for field-effect transistor (1925) and electrolytic capacitors (1931) belong to Julius Lilienfeld, a physics and electronics engineer from the city of Lviv. Although John Bardeen, Walter Brattain and William Shockley were denied a patent for the invention because Lilienfeld was first, the three scientists were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1956. In 1988, the American Physical Society established the Lilienfeld annual prize to honor significant discoveries in the area of physics.

Viktoria Gerasik